Verbe cu prepoziții
Phrasal Verbs sunt combinații de verbe + prepoziții/adverbe care au un sens special, diferit de sensul individual al cuvintelor. Sunt FOARTE comune în engleza vorbită!
Ce sunt Phrasal Verbs?
Phrasal Verb = Verb + Prepoziție/Adverb
Exemplu:
• look = a privi
• look up = a căuta (în dicționar)
• look after = a avea grijă de
• look forward to = a aștepta cu nerăbdare
Același verb + prepoziții diferite = sensuri complet diferite!
Separable vs Inseparable
SEPARABLE
Poți pune obiectul între verb și prepoziție:
✅ "Turn off the TV."
✅ "Turn the TV off."
✅ "Turn it off." (pronume = obligatoriu între)
INSEPARABLE
NU poți separa:
✅ "Look after the children."
❌ "Look the children after."
✅ "Look after them."
Phrasal Verbs esențiale - GET
- get up = a se trezi, a se scula
- get on = a se urca (în autobuz/tren), a se înțelege
- get off = a coborî (din autobuz/tren)
- get in/into = a intra (în mașină/taxi)
- get out of = a ieși din (mașină)
- get back = a se întoarce
- get over = a depăși (o boală/problemă)
Phrasal Verbs esențiale - TURN
- turn on = a porni (TV, lumina)
- turn off = a opri (TV, lumina)
- turn up = a da mai tare (volumul)
- turn down = a da mai încet (volumul), a refuza
- turn into = a se transforma în
Phrasal Verbs esențiale - LOOK
- look for = a căuta
- look after = a avea grijă de
- look up = a căuta (în dicționar/online)
- look forward to = a aștepta cu nerăbdare
- look out = a fi atent, a se feri
Reading: A Day in the Life
Maria's Busy Day
Maria woke up at 6 AM and immediately got up. She turned on the coffee machine and looked through her emails while having breakfast. She had to look after her younger brother because their parents were away.
At 8 AM, she set off for work. She got on the bus and ran into an old friend. They caught up during the journey. When she got off at her stop, she realized she had left behind her umbrella.
At work, her boss called off the morning meeting, so Maria could carry on with her project. She had to figure out a solution to a problem. During lunch, she bumped into a colleague who brought up an interesting idea. After work, Maria picked up her brother from school and they went back home together.
📝 Comprehension Questions
1. What did Maria do first when she woke up?
Answer: She got up and turned on the coffee machine
2. Who did she run into on the bus?
Answer: An old friend
3. What did she have to do at work?
Answer: Figure out a solution to a problem
Dialogue: Making Plans
Alex: Hey! I'm looking forward to the weekend. Want to hang out?
Dana: Sure! But I need to look after my nephew on Saturday. Can we meet up on Sunday?
Alex: Perfect! I'll pick you up at 10. We could check out that new café.
Dana: Sounds good! By the way, did you find out about the concert tickets?
Alex: Yes! But they sold out quickly. I tried to get through to the box office, but the line was busy.
Dana: That's too bad. Well, let's just chill out at the café then.
Alex: Great! I'll text you when I set off. See you Sunday!
Key Vocabulary
particle (noun) - particulă
The preposition/adverb in phrasal verb
separate (verb) - a separa
To divide or keep apart
literal (adj) - literal
Exact, word-for-word meaning
idiomatic (adj) - idiomatic
Having a special meaning
context (noun) - context
The situation or setting
informal (adj) - informal
Casual, not formal
Cele mai comune Phrasal Verbs
Top 20 pentru conversații:
- get up, get on, get off
- turn on, turn off
- look for, look after
- take off, put on
- give up, give back
- come back, go back
- find out, figure out
- pick up, drop off
- hang out, chill out
- run into, bump into
💡 Sfat important:
Phrasal verbs sunt FOARTE comune în vorbire, dar mai formale în scris. În contexte formale, folosește alternativele:
• find out → discover
• put off → postpone
• give up → quit/abandon
Reține:
Phrasal Verbs = verb + prepoziție cu sens special. Unele sunt separabile, altele nu. Învață-le în context, nu individual. Sunt esențiale pentru engleza vorbită!
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